作者：王子恒，景洪
单位：欧美大地仪器设备中国有限公司，北京 100010
中图分类号：TN29             
文献标识码：A              
文章编号：1006-883X(2020)12-0012-07
收稿日期：2020-11-02

摘要：通过研究分布式光纤声波传感（distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing，DAS）系统的发展现状和组成结构，详细说明了DAS系统的具体测量原理以及衡量其实际监测性能的技术参数：传感距离、空间分辨率、频率响应和信噪比。DAS系统基于相位敏感型光时域反射计（Φ-OTDR），利用光脉冲在光纤中传输的后向瑞利散射的干涉实现对微振信号的测量和外界扰动模型的重建。相比传统的分布式光纤传感技术，DAS系统的监测信号具有高灵敏度、高信息丰度和多维度信号特征的特点，具有较好的环境适应性。另外，以管道泄漏、周界安防和水力压裂为例，说明了DAS系统在工程监测中的实际应用效果。
关键词：分布式光纤声波传感；相位敏感光时域反射计；后向瑞利散射；岩土工程监测

Research and Application of Distributed Optical Fiber Acoustic Sensor System
WANG Ziheng, JING Hong
Earth Products China Ltd., Beijing 100010, China
Abstract: By studying the development status and structure of distributed optical fiber acoustic sensor system (DAS), the specific measurement principle of DAS system and the performance and technical parameters of measuring its actual monitoring performance are described in detail: sensing distance, spatial resolution, frequency response and signal-to-noise ratio. DAS system is based on phase sensitive optical time domain reflectometer (Φ-OTDR). The micro vibration signal is measured and the external disturbance model is reconstructed by using the interference of backward Rayleigh scattering of optical pulse in optical fiber. Compared with the traditional distributed optical fiber sensing technology, the monitoring signal of DAS system has the characteristics of high sensitivity, high information abundance and multi-dimensional signal characteristics, and has better environmental adaptability. In addition, taking pipeline leakage, perimeter security and hydraulic fracturing as examples, the practical application effect of DAS system in engineering monitoring is illustrated.
Key words: distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing; phase sensitive optical time domain reflectometer; backward rayleigh scattering; geotechnical engineering monitoring

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备注：2020年 第26卷 第12期